Essay on The Development Stage in Cornella Brothers Inc

The development stage in instructional design is an extremely important stage. Without a proper development plan put in place instructional designers can become easily frustrated and expending additional hours to do research to put the course in place. This is the stage where the content is not only written or developed but the content is also organized (University of Idaho, n.d.). It is imperative that this stage is done correctly so as to deliver information to students that will help them learn to the fullest and really grasp the information. The following will discuss what happens in the development stage at Cornella Brothers Inc. when developing a safety meeting. Authoring Content The person who authors the content for safety†¦show more content†¦When deciding on a safety meeting, managers need to decide what the company needs to address with their employees and then the Safety Officer at Cornella will create a Power Point or show pictures of the violations (Work Place Safety Experts, 2010). Inputting Technology Cornella Brothers is a medium sized family business. The organization is nowhere near being large enough to have an IT Department. Due to this managers and the safety officer hold many hats in the organization. The Safety Officer or one of the managers will input the information into technology. It would be nice to have an IT Department or even an accountant to do the billing but these tasks falls upon the managers. Beta Testing There really is no beta test involved in the safety classes. Employees are expected to follow the guidelines put in place at these classes. Managers will ensure that the employees are following government regulations and the company’s regulations. A part of their employment obligation is following the safety rules and managers do enforce this. During the classes there is a discussion period in which employees have the opportunity to voice their concerns or ask questions; in this way managers can be sure the employees understand what is expected of them and can respond immediately or discuss pertinent matter further. Conclusion At Cornella Brothers, the subject matter experts are the ones who author the

Of Mice and Men and the Great Depression - 1661 Words

The 1930s in American history was an interesting period that merges strife with everlasting hope. John Steinbecks literature takes a snapshot of this time with realistic circumstances appropriate for the time. Of Mice and Men reflects the Great Depression Era by presenting the storyline in the agricultural setting of 1930s California, describing the hardships of migrant field workers, and mentioning the dreams and goals of various characters. The United States felt the reverberating effects of their failing economy during the 1930s. The decade of the 1920s was a period of a newfound â€Å"freedom† in which urban populations discovered leisurely activities, women proved their power and equal rights with the emergence of flappers, and the†¦show more content†¦Curley feels a sense of authority simply by being the field boss’s son. However, he fears the workers that were larger and stronger than him. â€Å"Curley’s like a lot of little guys. He hates big gu ys†¦Kind of like he’s mad at ‘em because he ain’t a big guy† (Steinbeck 26). This explains the tension between Lennie and Curley that eventually swelled into a fight between them. Slim is an exception to the leading workers on the ranch; unlike the others, he is understanding and merciful, as in when he let Lennie carry his dog’s puppies and when his hands were shaking while Candy’s dog was put down by another worker. He has a good reputation among the workers because â€Å"Slim’s opinions were law† (Steinbeck 45). The respect he received and his easygoing nature allows George to befriend him at the end of the novel. (Hearle) (Shillinglaw) (Shindo) (Steinbeck) During the Great Depression, survival was mandatory in order to get through the hardships at the time. Because of the frequent movement between each job and the fact that migrant workers had no families or wives to care for, there was a lack of community and family wit hin each ranch. Therefore, the mentality of â€Å"every man for himself† was set in the mind of every migrant worker. George’s and Lennie’s companionship is looked as unusual by the other workers since most traveled alone, especially since Lennie and George are complete opposites both physically and mentally. When questioned why they travelShow MoreRelatedOf Mice And Men : The Era Of The Great Depression1516 Words   |  7 PagesThrough the movement of history gender roles of Men and Women have been extremely varied. From the standards, expectations, to the work or home place there was a difference. Women were looked at as less than a men , the intellectual individual. Being a male was the greatest things they could be and their masculinity was their greatest pride. In the 1930Â’s the era of the Great Depression took presence. The manÂ’s role in the depression was much more refined in this era. Most views of a man in theRead MoreA Comparison of Of Mice and Men and The Great Depression an Eyewitn697 Words   |  3 PagesA Comparison of Of Mice and Men and The Great Depression An Eyewitness History The Great Depression is comparable to Lennie and Georges life. I would like to give a comparison of George Milton and Lennie Small to the Great Depression. The time that this story took place was during the Great Depression. John Steinbeck captured the reality of this most difficult time. During the Great Depression people needed to travel together to share chores and duties to make a living until somethingRead MoreThe Great Depression Isolation In Steinbecks Of Mice And Men1547 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Depression isolation â€Å" A guy needs somebody- to be near him.† He whined, â€Å" A guy goes nuts if he ain t got nobody. Don’t make no difference who the guy is, long’s he’s with you† (Steinbeck 72). In the 1930s through the Great Depression, many people struggled to survive. They often became poor and fought with financial aid along with isolation. In the story â€Å"Of Mice And Men†, Steinbeck has many of the characters experience a form of isolation. Whether it is power, segregation, or discriminationRead MoreA comparison between The Great Depression and Of Mice and Men by Steinbeck622 Words   |  3 PagesThe Great Depression is comparable to Lennie and George s life. I would like to give a comparison of George Milton and Lennie Small to the Great Depression. The time that this story took place was during the Great Depression. John Steinbeck captured the reality of this most difficult time. During the Great Depression people needed to travel together to share chores and duties to make a living until something better came along. That is the way George and Lennie traveled. 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Therefore Steinbeck creates a world in his perception where he characterizes the predicamentsRead MoreThe American Dream in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck710 Words   |  3 Pagesindividuals have desired for countless years. Although it has evolved during the past couple of years, many individuals still strive to achieve it. Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men illustrates this American Dream of the 1930’s, which is looked upon as impossible through the failure of George and Lennie’s achievement. â€Å"The story Of Mice and Men and the American Dream is known to be somewhat different; it can define the independence and self-sufficiency for an individual and also the freedom that one personRead MoreOf Mice and Men Argumentative Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesSteinbeck’s novel, Of Mice and Men, has a controversial history. It has been repeatedly banned by school boards. Why might this book have been banned? Is such an action justified? In a five-paragraph essay, take a position for or against banning this novel. Use your three body paragraphs to develop each of three reasons for or against banning the novel. The Lost Portion of Human Society Right from the beginning of human civilization, books had become the vital flame that ignited many great achievementsRead MoreEssay about The ranch in Of Mice and Men is a very hostile environment.1629 Words   |  7 PagesThe ranch in Of Mice and Men is a very hostile environment. The ranch in ‘Of Mice and Men’ is a very hostile environment. What do we learn about life during the Great Depression from John Steinbeck’s novel? In this essay I aim to describe how life was like on a ranch during the great depression in John Steinbeck’s novel ‘Of Mice and Men’. Steinbeck was born on February 27, 1902 in Salinas, California. This is where the book is set, in the Salinas valley. The books exact location is in

The Presidential Debate On The American System Of...

A constructive national debate is something that is quite important to the functioning of the American system of democracy. A simple definition of democracy offered by the Merriam-Webster dictionary is that democracy is â€Å"a form of government in which people choose leaders by voting† (Merriam-Webster). Now, at a time of heightened awareness from many American people, the political debates in this country don’t seem to be providing them with good cogent arguments. Instead they are filled with fallacies and many falsehoods. In this essay I argue that the presidential debate system is currently not living up to its potential, and I will focus specifically on Republican primary debate that took place at the Reagan Library in Simi Valley, California. In doing so, I will argue that the main flaws in this cycle’s presidential primary debates were the amount of fallacies used, as structure used as well as provide some counter-arguments to my claims. In order to have a government that is run by people; specifically, people that must choose a candidate to vote for, its seems fit that it would be important that there be adequate means of illustrating each candidate’s positions on all of the issues that the constituents care about. Presidential debates are the means of showcasing a candidates’ policies to the nation and at the same time they allow the citizens in the democratic society to make a more informed decision about their vote than they otherwise would have without a debate.Show MoreRelatedThe Presidential Debate On Politics Essay1140 Words   |  5 Pagespolitical debates are broken. A constructive national debate is something that is quite important to the functioning of the American system of democracy. Civil discussions and disagreements have been what fuels progress in this country. 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United Kingdom1256 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome industrialized democracies, however by saying that it may seem as though they have many similarities which is true, but there are many more differences in the politic al systems they use and the way the states are governed. Just because United States and the United Kingdom share these similarities and differences in their Presidential System, and the formation of their democracies, the United States is viewed by far as a much weaker state due to their Presidential System, but this was all deliberateRead MoreThe Electoral College Is A System886 Words   |  4 PagesThe Electoral College is a system that the founding fathers established to allow people to vote indirectly for the president. The public does not directly vote for the president and his or her running mate, but intern votes for a representative that has pledged to vote for a certain candidate. Once the electoral votes have been cast, the majority winner wins the presidency. 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The electoral college is the collection of 538 delegates that have the power to determine who the next president will be; the number of total representatives in the House and Senate. These 538 votes aren’t given to the citizen directly, but they are instead divided among the 50 states in America. Currently, people areRead MoreFreedom of the Press Essay991 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom of the Press and How It Has Affected the American Political Process throughout History ------------------------------------------------- Presented in Partial fulfillment of the Requirement for American Federal Gov 1114 Mark L. Hays Tulsa Community College ------------------------------------------------- By E-Man June 13, 2010 Freedom of the Press is a yearly report by U.S-based non-governmental organization freedom house, measuring the level of freedom

Data Analysis And Modeling Report Case Study Of Employed People

Question: Discuss about the Data Analysis And Modeling Report Case Study Of Employed People. Answer: Introduction The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design. The data was collected from sample of employed neighbors and friends. The survey was conducted with aim of utilizing data for practical purpose in data analysis and modeling. The method of data collection was questionnaires administered to them to fill some questions. I used simple random sampling to selects a sample of thirty respondents who had each chance of being selected in sample. The data was then entered and cleaned using Excel version 2007 software. The data has seven variables, age of respondent in years, gender of respondent where 1 represent male and 2 female, the number of degrees one have as measure of education level, hours the respondent used in work in a year, salary one get per year, number of kinds the respondent have and marital status( 1 represent married and 0 unmarried). The sample represents a population of employed persons in the area. Who have formal education and are below 35 years. Age of respondent, number of degrees, wages and hours of working hours are numerical data while gender of respondent is categorical data. Data analysis methodology Descriptive and inferential data analysis was used to analyze the data on Excel 2007 software. The descriptive statistics include mean, standard deviation, histograms. While Chi-square tests association is used to test significance. Chi-square provides a method for testing the association between the row and column in two way table. Chi-square statistics= Where the chi-square statistics have chi-square distribution with (r-1)(c-1) degrees of freedom. Where r represents number of rows and c represent numbers of columns in the table. Scatter diagram were used to check linear relations of various variables. The report will cover the following histogram of number of hours worked and wages to check their distribution. Scatter plot of working hours and gender to check any association or causal between the two variables. The relationship between wages and working hours is tested using regression analysis. Linear regression model where y is wages earned and x is number of working hours per year. Correlation Coefficient is given by (r) = {n x y ?x y [nx2 ? (x)^2 ][ny2 ? (y)^2] } Analysis and Report The average age of respondents is 28.66667 years with standard deviation of 1.24106, the mean wage of the respondents per year is 51200.87 with mean working hours per year of 2996.1, average number of degrees one have is 2 and on average each respondent has one kid. This are measures of central location of the data distributions. The data is skewed to the right with majority of respondents working below 5000 hours per year. The distribution is not normal and has one outlier working above 20000 hours per year. This affect mean as measure of location and give a false picture of the data. Majority of workers follow on wage bracket below 100000 dollars per year regardless of working hours and the level of education one, has few of employees earn above 100000 dollars which are extreme values of data. There is no relationship between genders and working hours, gender do not affect number of hours one work to earn wages. The two variables are independent of each other. The correction between gender and working hours is zero. This means when one decrease or increase the other is not affected by changes occurring to the other variables. Chi-square tests of association between gender and marital status Chi-square provides a method for testing the association between the row and column in two way table. It is measure of association between two categorical data such gender and marital status in the study. Chi-square statistics= Where the chi-square statistics have chi-square distribution with (r-1)(c-1) degrees of freedom. Where r represents number of rows and c represent numbers of columns in the table. The null hypothesis is there is no association between gender and marital status. Against alternative there exist association between gender and marital status. The level of significance is 5% for the test statistics. Gender/ Marital status Married (observed) Expected Not married(observed) expected Total Male 11 12 9 8 20 Female 7 6 3 4 10 Total 18 12 30 Chi square test 0.429195 with 2 degrees of freedom, p (0.429195) = 0.806866 which is greater than level of significance 0.05 this means we fail to reject null hypothesis and conclude that there is no association between gender and marital status. Gender or being male or female does not affect the marital status of the respondent. Marital status is independent of gender. The result are insignificance, the difference between the expected and observed values under null hypothesis is negligible. Thus chi-square test fails to associate gender and marital status. It implies that the choice of getting married or not is being influenced by other factors not gender. Analysis of one relationship between gender and working hours Bar graph of working hours means of males and females. Majority of female employees works 2000 hours and below per year while men work for more than 4000 hours per year. The data portrays large significance differences between mean working hours of female and male. On average male spend more hours working per year as compared to females. The average male working hours is 3485.9 while female is 2016.5 with mean differences of over 1000 working hours. Working hours is associated with gender with female working fewer hours compared to males this may be affected by marital privilege or other commitments. The mean working hours is higher in females as compared to males, thus gender affect working hours. Relationship between wages and number of working hours The first step in studying the relationship between two continuous variables is to draw a scatter plot of the variables to check for linearity. We plot scatter plot with x axis being working hours and dependent variable wages. Majority of employees work between 2000 hours and 3000 hours earning below $100000 and few work above 6000 hours though the wages is not increasing above $100000. There is no linear relationship between number one spend working per year and the amount of wages one earn. Some works less than 2000 hours in year and they earn more than 100000 dollars, while others work more than 6000 hours per year and earn less than 100000 dollars a year. Increase in working hours does no increase wage one earns and decrease in working hours does not result to a decrease in wage one earns. The two variables are not correlated with each other. The data is highly skewed to the right hand side with many extreme values. These outliers affect the average giving false picture of data. They also affect the correlation and should be check if they are real data or errors. The Pearson moment product correlation coefficient measures the strength of association between independent and dependent variable. The Pearson moment product correlation coefficient is 0.299 which measure strength of linear association between wage earned and number of working hours in a year. The correlation coefficient is close to zero. It indicates weak linear association between working hours and wages. Regression analysisis a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It includes many techniques for modeling and analyzing several variables, when the focus is on the relationship between adependent variableand one or moreindependent variables. Regression analysis helps to exclude those values that do no have significance importance in the predicting dependent variable. Running a linear regression model Where y is wages earned and x is number of working hours per year. SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.093646 R Square 0.00877 Adjusted R Square -0.02794 Standard Error 34028.03 Observations 29 ANOVA Df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 2.77E+08 2.77E+08 0.238872 0.628968 Residual 27 3.13E+10 1.16E+09 Total 28 3.15E+10 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 42710.94 12411.24 3.441311 0.001899 17245.18 68176.71 17245.18 68176.71 7780 1.844106 3.77314 0.488746 0.628968 -5.89774 9.585949 -5.89774 9.585949 R Squared is 0.093 which means working hours only explain 9% change of respondent wages and the model is not a good fit. R Squared is 0.093 means that when predicting a persons total income, we will make 9% fewer errors by basing the predictions on the persons hours of work and predicting from the regression line, as opposed to ignoring this variable and predicting the mean of income for every case. Hours of work(X) explain 9% of the variation in income(Y) among city employees. A slope of 1.844106 means that 1-hour increase in an employees amount of working hours result to an average increase in annual income of $ 1.844106. A y-intercept of 42710.94 suggests that the expected income for a person with 0 hours of work should be $ 42710.94. Moreover, from the data t= 0.488746 and p-value= 0.628968, we can conclude that the slope for hours of work is not significantly different from zero at p is greater than 0.05. Conclusions Descriptive and inferential data analysis was used to analyze the data on Excel 2007 software, the following were obtained. The average age of respondents is 28.66667 years with standard deviation of 1.24106, the mean wage of the respondents per year is 51200.87 with mean working hours per year of 2996.1, average number of degrees one have is 2 and on average each respondent has one kid. Gender or being male or female does not affect the marital status of the respondent. Marital status is independent of gender. There is no association between number one spend working per year and the amount of wages one earn. Increase in working hours does no increase wage one earns and decrease in working hours does not result to a decrease in wage one earns. The Pearson moment product correlation coefficient is 0.299 which measure strength of linear association between wage earned and number of working hours in a year. The correlation coefficient is close to zero. It indicates weak linear associati on between working hours and wages. The chi-square of association between gender and marital status produced results as follow. That gender or being male or female does not affect the marital status of the respondent. Marital status is independent of gender. The result are insignificance, the difference between the expected and observed values under null hypothesis is negligible. References Browne, C., Battista D., Geiger T., Gutknecht T. ( 2014). The Executive Opinion the Voice of the Business Community, in the Global Competitiveness. World Economic Forum, 2014, pp. 8596. Whitley E, Ball J. (2002). Statistics review 1: Presenting and summarizing data.Crit Care. Beth L. Chance, Allan J. Rossman. 2006. Mathematics. Park, H., Russell, C. Lee, J. 2007, "National culture and environmental sustainability: A cross-national analysis", Journal of Economics and Finance, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 104-121. Venkat N., Vijav V., Venu G. and Rao R. (2016). Handbook of Statistics. Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/handbooks/01697161. Joseph L. Gastwirth,Methods for Assessing the Sensitivity of Statistical Comparisons Used in Title VII Cases to Omitted Variables,33 Jurimetrics J. 19 (1992). Fisher R.A. 1925. Methods For Research Work; Macmillan Publishers: London.

Do the Right Thing The Fight for Cultural Acceptance Essay Example For Students

Do the Right Thing The Fight for Cultural Acceptance Essay In a pivotal moment in Spike Lees film do the right thing, a character colloquially referred to as Da Mayor tells Mookie, the films protagonist whom is portrayed by Lee himself, to Do the right thing ?. However, while most would claim that morality should be common sense in deciding whether or not something is the right thing to do, what would happen when morality is thrown out of the window, due to close-mindedness? This is the challenge that Mookie, along with many other characters in the film, are presented with day in and day out as they go about their daily lives. Lee uses these challenges to highlight the many facets of stereotypical and racial abuse that the characters in the film must endure, and parallels them to the people in the real world who deal with most if not all of the same struggles on a daily basis. While Mookie and the other characters deal with a wide variety of scenarios, it would appear that the main dilemma for all of the characters is that blacks are not accepted by the other races within the community, given the racial barriers and tensions that exist between them. This implicates how Lee sees the struggles of blacks in modern society, having hoped that through this film eyes would be opened to the struggle that African Americans face: to be recognized and accepted, even now long after the strides that were made during the civil rights movement. By using various scenarios in which characters are discriminated against based on their race, culture, or other stereotypes, Lee essentially puts the main objective of the film right out in the open, which is the fact that even now in modern society, despite the efforts of Martin Luther King Jr. Malcolm X and the like, the struggles of African Americans to be culturally accepted are far from being solved, but despite being looked down upon they should continue to fight and do the right thing ?. It would appear from the start of the film that it is somewhat of a call to action by Lee, seeing as how as soon as the opening credits roll by the song Fight the Power ? by rap group Public Enemy is blasting ove r a scene of actress Rosie Perez dancing rather aggressively, at one point even donning a pair of boxing gloves and a boxers robe and beginning to take shots at the screen. It is apparent as soon as the movie begins that Lee has an affirmative stance on how the African American community should begin to rise up and fight ? to be more accepted by mainstream society. This is delved into in greater detail right after in the opening scene in the film, where DJ Mister SeA?or Love Daddy tells the audience to wake up ? and that the forecast for the day is HOT ?. This shows that what the audience is about to see is going to wake them up ? to what the black community must deal with every day, and that the movie will be getting them hot ? not necessarily in a physical sense, but an emotional one. It is also interesting to note that DJ Love Daddy says Here I Am! Am I here? You Know It! ? which could be Lees way of speaking on behalf of the entire black community, where he is communicating that no matter what, African American culture is alive and well, and everybody should know it. Both of these examples show how Lee draws some influence from Malcolm Xs more militant ideas, and despite toning them down, shows that the point that needs to be made is that the struggle for blacks will always be a fight, but that does not mean it is not something to fight for. The Matrix - review EssayChallenging the much larger Radio Raheem to assimilate to how he runs things in his restaurant shows that he is forcing him to abandon his own culture in order to be accepted ? in the pizzeria, much the way that society seeks to make blacks abandon many things that represent their cultural identity in order to prosper. Lee makes a point of this in a conversation between Mookie and Sals son Pino, who is racist against blacks despite listing off and liking several famous so-called niggers ? such as Michael Jordan and Eddie Murphy. He claims that African Americans who reach a certain status of wealth or fame somehow transcend being merely black ?, saying that theyre more than black ?. The fact that Pino relates wealth to skin color shows that he believes that the black culture is incapable of producing anything of value, and that the only way for a black person to become successful is for them to abandon their nigger ? ways and become more than black, and not be associated with the likes of normal ? blacks. However, despite all of these blatant offenses to black culture, Lee also delivers glimmers of hope in many ways throughout the film. A prime example is DJ Love Daddys roll call of famous African American musicians, ranging from classical artists such as Louie Armstrong all the way to more modern artists such as New Edition and Biz Markie. This roll call is meant to offer a rebuttal to the racist tendencies of Sal and his son. Sal uses his false sense of power to bring others in the movie down to justify his actions and Pino propagates the idea that blacks can only be successful if they evolve from being a nigger ? to some higher plane unacquainted with the likes of lower blacks, yet Lee uses the roll call to remind us that there is much to be proud of in black culture, and all that needed to be mentioned is musicians. Lee counteracts the ideas using the roll call in order to restore encouragement in the black community, implying that no racist thoughts or agendas can destroy what black culture has to offer society, as long as they continue to fight. Do the Right Thing? is the sentiment that is echoed throughout the whole film, and Lee is letting viewers decide on the course of action they seek to take. For those that are blind to the struggles black culture face every day, Lee is asking them to wake up ? and to realize that racism is still very prominent in this country. For those that are awake, Lee is c alling them to action, to get hot ? and to fight the power ? in order to get the respect for African American culture that is so rightfully deserved. Lee uses Sal and his pizzeria as a representation of how modern society treats the African American culture, shunning it as inferior and unacceptable. It could also be seen as a means of self-reflection for viewers who share similar ideals to Sal, and challenges them to ask themselves if they are doing the right thing. Above all, Lee uses the film ultimately to enthuse those who are struggling with the fight to stay encouraged and continue to fight the injustices that hinder the progression of the human race not just for blacks, but for us all. Bibliography: Do The Right Thing. Dir. Spike Lee. Perf. Danny Aiello, Giancarlo Esposito, Spike Lee, John Turturro. 40 Acres A Mule Filmworks, 1989.

How to Prepare for a Sample Controversial Essay for the AP Exam

How to Prepare for a Sample Controversial Essay for the AP ExamWhen looking to create a sample controversial essay for the AP English exam, I find that one of the most important things you can do is write a detailed argumentative essay that is actually worth reading. That's the key to writing successful essays. Of course, you also want to make sure that your essay is well organized and it follows all of the proper essay rules.To prepare yourself for your essay, I always go back to my very first AP English essay ever (I was in my second year in college) and reread it from start to finish. That is something I must do, or I am doomed to fail miserably on this test. With this strategy, you will not get too caught up in trying to get that perfect essay for the test; you'll just read over your essay and be very familiar with it. In other words, you'll know exactly what goes into an essay and what parts are good and bad.The problem with writing a paper on the topic of 'The European Union' i s that you'll always be faced with different opinions about this subject. You won't have to go in front of a panel and you won't have to be interrogated by a committee either. You'll just have to show your fellow students that you have researched this topic and you understand the concepts.Another good topic for a sample controversial essay for the AP European history exam is World War II. This type of topic requires the use of interesting and relevant topics, examples, and illustrations to show what happened during the war. By using these elements in your essay, you'll help your essay stand out from the crowd.There are a lot of international events during the past few years that have caused controversies and has proven to be very influential. Examples of these events include the Arab Spring, the Internet Bubble, and even the Occupy Wall Street protests. These events have made it difficult for politics to be discussed in the classroom as these topics are so divisive. It is important to keep in mind that these types of topics should not be allowed to show up in the exams either.It is very hard to write a well written and organized essay on any topic for the AP European history exam, but when you are faced with something as controversial as the European Union, you'll need to bring a big bag of ideas with you. If you're able to give students a bunch of ideas about why the EU could possibly exist and what it has accomplished throughout the years, then you should be well on your way to preparing for your European debate. By taking a semester to organize and revise your sample essay, you'll be prepared to show that you understand this concept.Writing a very detailed and organized sample controversy for the AP European history exam should involve the use of sources from outside of the student's classroom. For example, I found many free resources on the Internet that I could use to research the topic of the European Union. I also used other resources that I found in my own books and reference materials. All of these resources were used to help me understand the concept of the European Union as a whole.Finally, when writing a sample controversial essay for the AP European history exam, make sure you include enough variety to make it interesting and relevant. You want to make sure that you don't leave out a single aspect of the EU because students are sure to look at these different issues in different ways. By including many different topics and ideas, you will be able to demonstrate to students that you have taken a serious and scholarly approach to this topic.

The Various Forms of Love in Twelfth Night Essay Example For Students

The Various Forms of Love in Twelfth Night Essay Love is arguably the most popular theme for writers and readers alike throughout the entire history of literature. It provides the fundamental framework around which spawn the many other conspiracies and sub-stories that make up an entertaining read. Twelfth Night is no exception to this theory, with love being the focal point, right the way through. Every person in the play undergoes his or her own encounter with love in some form, with each characters experience differing from the next. A multitude of different manners of love are explored in this work, with all having their own consequences and provoking a variety of reactions in the reader. We will write a custom essay on The Various Forms of Love in Twelfth Night specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The play is mainly concentrated on the difference between selfish and selfless love. Probably the best example of the former is Malvolio, Olivias respectable yet conceited steward. In his very first appearance in the play he is accused of being sick of self-love after condemning Festes attempts to cheer up Olivia. He does not enjoy light-heartedness and is constantly criticising Sir Tobys misdemeanours and Festes humour with disapproval, cold and cutting. Throughout the play his language is pompous and superior, even when addressing Olivia. He does not speak in the same manner as the other servants and his expression is more like that of an aristocrat. He seems almost unaware of his inferior social status but the others take some delight in reminding him of it: Go, sir, rub your chain with crumbs (II.3.101). Malvolio often oversteps his position by rebuking the other members of Olivias house, even though both Sir Andrew and Sir Toby are of a higher social status than himself. Led by Maria, a trap is set for Malvolio to uncover him as the overweening rogue they believe him to be. Prior to his discovery of the letter he is overheard by Maria, Sir Toby, Sir Andrew, Feste and Fabian (who are in hiding so as to witness Maria gull him into an ayword with her letter) speaking his own graces. He has delusions of grandeur and fantasises about one day becoming Count Malvolio, meaning he has intentions on his mistress. He includes in his speech sexual references towards Olivia that anger those watching: Having come from a day-bed, where I have left Olivia sleeping (II.5.41). He has aspirations far above his rank, which seem to justify what the other characters have planned for him: Now hes deeply in. Look how imagination blows him (II.5.37). He relishes the power this would give him over Sir Toby in particular and he imagines giving Toby an austere regard of control whilst instructing him to amend his drunkenness. He manages to personally offend each of the people hiding there in the bushes, which only go to spur them on the more. Upon discovering the letter Malvolio is immediately drawn in. He recognises Olivias handwriting on the front of the letter saying, her very cs, her us, and her ts. In Elizabethan times, cut was slang for the female genitals; so, once again he associates Olivia with sex. His readiness to believe that she loves him is conceited and this, along with the fact that he has overstepped his position on several occasions, only goes to make the joke funnier. When he appears before Olivia, smiling maniacally, wearing yellow stockings and being cross-gartered you realise how out of character the letter has compelled him to be. However, he does this because he believes Olivia loves him and he goes through with the instructions out of care for her. To begin with, Malvolios punishment seems well justified but as the play goes on there is a much darker ring to it and you feel terribly sorry for him. He is kept in a dark cell, treated like an object and made to think that he really is mad: They have here propertied me: keep me in darkness, send ministers to me, asses, and do all they can to face me out of my wits (IV.2.77-79). I feel that the truth should have been known long before the end as Malvolio exits determined to be revenged on the whole pack of you. Throughout his torment, however, Olivia remains concerned for him and her affection for her steward is probably the truest she feels in the whole play. I feel that Malvolio has taken up the role of brother and father for Olivia and this is why she is so anxious for his welfare: I would not have him miscarry for half of my dowry (III.4.56-57). Another character wishing to command Olivias affections is Orsino. He opens the play with a famous declaration of love: If music be the food of love, play on (I.1.1). He is consequently established as a lover of profligate proportions, indulging his hyperbolic passion for a woman who has made it obvious she is not interested. It is apparent that he does not know Olivia as an individual: instead his language is full of amorous clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s and preoccupied with the wonderful masochism of unrequited love: And my desires like fell and cruel hounds, / Eer since pursue me (I.1.22-23). His love is utterly self-absorbed as he is more concerned with himself as a lover than with the alleged object of his love, thus suggesting he is narcissistic. In the opening scene he envisages that he will ultimately be one self king of Olivias affections, signifying a marital hierarchy rather than mutuality. .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b , .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b .postImageUrl , .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b , .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b:hover , .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b:visited , .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b:active { border:0!important; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b:active , .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9cc9ffa1f642380afbe8ed00bc846a9b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Wizard of Oz Spoof EssayIt is from this self-centredness that Viola is able to nudge him. Telling the story of her sister, she draws his thoughts from his own preoccupations and alerts his attention from his love for Olivia to the possibility of female love. After this intimate discussion with Viola, Orsino does not appear again until the end of the play and by this time, his emotional reliance on Cesario has obscured his love for Olivia. It is for this reason that when he believes Olivia and Cesario to be married, his hurt and sense of betrayal falls not on his worshipped mistress but on his page: But this your minion, whom I know you love, / And whom, by heaven, I swear, I tender dearly, / Him will I tear out of that cruel eye / Where he sits crowned in his masters spite (V.1.114-117). The proposed marriage between Olivia and Cesario shocks Orsino into a declaration of love. However, this time not the usual and self-indulgent idioms of his love for Olivia but a dynamic, fervent, violent desire for Cesario: Ill sacrifice the lamb that I do love (V.1.119). Through Violas disguise, she and Orsino have discussed many subjects and they have got to know one another well before acknowledging each other as lovers: Thou knowst no less but all: I have unclasped / To thee the book even of my secret soul (I.4.12-13). There is, however, a lingering sense that it was the boy Cesario who Orsino fell in love with. His final words to his bride stress the homoerotic foundations of their relationship: Cesario, come- / For so you shall be while you are a man (V.1.362-363). However, in this scene he shows how he has been educated out of narcissistic infatuation and into a relationship based on mutual intimacy. The former object of Orsinos affections, Olivia, is a portrayal of self-denying and self-deceiving love. A great deal is heard about Olivia before her first arrival in the play and this comprehensive introduction is wholly appropriate for a character who is the hub of so many different peoples desires and perceptions: the romanticizing love of Orsino and Sir Andrew, the self serving aspirations of Malvolio, the freeloading of Sir Toby and the satiric wit of Feste. When we are introduced to her she is mourning the loss of her brother and has vowed to deny the love of any man for seven years: like a cloistress she will veiled walk. The veil she wears is a fitting symbol: perhaps we never really know what motivates this woman who first shuns love and then quickly falls in love with Cesario. When Olivia first meets Cesario in I.5, her language changes from being standoffish to warm. They speak in prose, suggesting a relaxed kind of intimacy, and this is stressed when Olivia dismisses Maria and her attendants to be alone with him. Cesario speaks to Olivia as if she was an equal and he even accuses her of being too proud. This freshness, however, only seems to attract Olivias affections all the more. She clearly thinks highly of her own good looks (Ist not well done?) and Orsino is getting nowhere in telling her of them continuously. She relishes the thought of Orsino loving her with adorations, fertile tears, with groans that thunder love, with sighs of fire, as this feeds her vanity but she dismisses him. All the men she has been close to have died and I think this is why she dismisses Orsinos advances and is so warm to Viola-Cesario: they speak as two women although Olivia has not yet realised this. Her urgent desire for Cesario deflected her into an unintended marriage with Sebastian but she does not seem perturbed by her new husbands revelation that she is betrothed both to a maid and a man. I believe that this accidental marriage is a kind of punishment for Olivias excessive behaviour earlier on in the play. This is also evidence that Olivia really is driven by external appearances. There are some parallels between Olivia and Orsino, the principal one being that they both fall in love with Viola. They both equate love with sickness: Orsino talks of his appetite for love sickening and dying and Olivia likens the rapidity of her love for Cesario to catching the plague. They are both sentimental and where Olivia sends Malvolio to run after that same peevish messenger so as to give him a ring, Orsino sends Cesario with a ring for Olivia. Such trinkets can only be seen as sentimental. The manifestation of love evident in Violas character is arguably the only form of true love in the play. Our first encounter with Viola is on the shores of Illyria, believing her beloved twin brother lost in the shipwreck. Throughout the play she is a stranger in a potentially hostile land but in the midst of all her sorrow she demonstrates immense bravery and ingenuity in resolving to dress as a boy and enter the service of Orsino. It appears that she has also lost her father but unlike Olivia she does not respond to the loss by retreating into herself. Viola could be described as the catalyst of the play: she is the go-between for Orsino to Olivia and moves between their households, she has individual conversations with Olivia, Orsino, Malvolio, Feste and Sebastian and, as such, is the major connective energy between the different characters and plot strands. Her arrival breaks up the stalemate of Orsinos excessive and unrequited love for Olivia and helps Olivia break out of her self-imposed mourning. .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 , .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 .postImageUrl , .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 , .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265:hover , .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265:visited , .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265:active { border:0!important; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265:active , .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265 .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uec39464767bc6f0925e5d55f67e1e265:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Parental Conflict between Juliet and her father EssayVery early on in the play, Viola falls in love with Orsino but she still carries his messages of love to Olivia: this is evidence of her immense tenacity. She is not self-seeking but self-sacrificing and her language is always sincere. She speaks the most moving and heartfelt lines about love in the whole play and it is by this that she is able to steer Orsino and Olivia away from their selfishness. Viola tackles Olivias advances as honestly as she can and was Olivia less blinded by her infatuation, she would recognize Violas hints: I am not what I am (III.1.126) and Shall mistress be of it, save I alone (III.1.145). However, Olivia fails to identify Violas double meaning and therefore shames herself at the end of the play. Orsino too does not pick up on Violas subtle insinuations yet he too falls in love with Viola even though he believes her to be a man. The strongest and truest love Viola possesses is that for her brother, Sebastian. When they finally find each other at the end there is an emotional reunion and they seem to completely forget their company. It becomes obvious just how alike they are when Antonio comments they are like a division of one another, an apple cleft in two. It is not until V.1.225 that Viola is addressed by her real name (Thrice welcome, drowned Viola) and thereafter she speaks her own name twice in ten lines. There is a sense, therefore, in which she is not a complete person until she is reunited with her twin. It is interesting that Orsino continues to call her Cesario to the end. Sebastians close friend, Antonio, also demonstrates unwavering and devoted affection for Sebastian. He is the only character in the play who knows who he loves, expresses that love and acts selflessly because of it. He saves Sebastian from the wreck and risks imprisonment by following him into Illyria, he freely gives him money and he offers to take Sebastians place in the duel with Sir Andrew. His actions are all prompted by his affection, expressed in brief soliloquy: I do adore thee so (II.2.35). However, despite all of Antonios devotion, there is no conclusion for him at the end of the play. Sebastian, in the midst of all the celebrations, doesnt spare a single word for this man who has protected and aided him. I think it is fair to speculate that Antonios love may not have been entirely platonic as his feelings carry a vehement undertone unusual between friends. Ultimately, though, Antonio is a victim at the end: Sebastian scarcely seems to register, let alone earn, the self-sacrificing devotion he receives from Antonio. A different form of love we have not yet encountered is that between Sir Toby and Maria. When Sir Toby speaks of Maria, his language is full of sexual references but Maria deflects these remarks fondly with her coy wit. In II.3.149 he calls her Penthesilea and he describes her as one that adores me. They seem to have an understanding of one another and where most women would take offence, Maria takes part in the jovial repartee. Sir Toby seems highly impressed by Marias devising of the trick against Malvolio, so much so that he talks of marriage: I could marry this wench for this device..And ask no other dowry with her but such another jest (II.5.150-152). The true extent of Sir Toby and Marias relationship is not apparent until the final scene where Fabian announces their marriage. Much of their courtship went on off stage but this ending after all of Sir Tobys continuous merry making and over indulgence in alcohol is the perfect conclusion. Sir Andrew Aguecheek is portrayed in the play as a fool. His words almost always echo Sir Tobys: he seems to have no voice or an opinion of his own and is merely a shadow of Sir Toby. He is also a shadow of Orsino in that his absurdly unreciprocated pursuit of Olivia is a fainter version of Orsinos passion. He is characterised as a blundering fool who does not understand Sir Tobys French, who misinterprets words and uses them incorrectly, who must borrow wooing terms from a page and whose masculinity is questioned by Maria: A dry jest, sir (I.3.63), suggesting impotence. Despite this, Sir Andrew Aguecheek is an endearing character and you cannot help feeling sorry for him as there is a hint of a past life lost in his wistful words I was adored once, too (II.3.153). There is a multitude of different manners of love explored in Twelfth Night, all of which bind the characters to its storyline. I feel that in conclusion, Shakespeare wanted to put forward his own version of that romantic clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ true love conquers all, with Viola being true love incarnate. She helps both Olivia and Orsino realise the true nature of love and she, the heroine, is the only character to find complete happiness at the end.